Discovery and Problem AnalysisResource

Cause-and-Effect Diagram

Organising possible causes of a problem.

A cause-and-effect diagram organises possible causes around a defined problem or effect. Also called a fishbone or Ishikawa diagram, it helps teams investigate beyond symptoms.

How to use this tool

  1. State the problem precisely

    Write a precise problem at the head of the diagram.

  2. Agree cause categories

    Agree appropriate cause categories.

  3. Add possible causes

    Add possible causes to each branch.

  4. Confirm the root causes

    Gather evidence to confirm the likely root causes.

References & further reading

Ishikawa, K. (1985). What Is Total Quality Control? The Japanese Way. Prentice-Hall.