Discovery and Problem AnalysisResource

Four 4Ss

Exploring service-related causes systematically.

The 4Ss are cause-analysis prompts commonly covering Suppliers, Systems, Skills and Surroundings. They are particularly useful for service and administrative problems.

How to use this tool

  1. Define problem and scope

    Define the problem and investigation scope.

  2. Gather evidence per category

    Gather evidence for each category.

  3. Identify causes and assumptions

    Identify potential causes and assumptions.

  4. Validate and agree actions

    Validate the likely causes and agree actions.

References & further reading

Cadle, J. et al. (2021). Business Analysis Techniques: 123 Essential Tools for Success, 3rd ed. BCS. ISBN 9781780175690.